by Ram ben Ze'ev
Over time, many Hebrew words, phrases, and Torah concepts have been mistranslated and misunderstood by the nations, particularly those engaged in idolatry or who do not know HaShem’s name. These distortions dilute the rich meaning of the original Hebrew, leading to both theological and ethical misunderstandings. What follows is a selection of some of the most frequently repeated mistranslations, including terms like "Love your neighbor," "Mazel," and "Tikkun Olam," shedding light on their true meanings.
One of the most commonly misinterpreted phrases in the Torah is v’ahavta l’reacha kamocha (ואהבת לרעך כמוך), found in Vayikra (ויקרא) 19:18. Translated as "Love your neighbor as yourself," this phrase is often understood as a universal directive to love all people. However, the Hebrew term reacha (רעך) refers specifically to one’s fellow Jew, meaning that this commandment is about cultivating brotherhood within the Jewish community. While it promotes love and unity, it speaks primarily to the unique bond among Jews as part of the covenant. This distinction is often missed when the nations attempt to universalize the phrase.
The Hebrew word mazel (מזל) is often mistakenly translated as "luck." However, in Jewish thought, mazel refers to the flow of divine energy from HaShem that sustains the world. The root of mazel is n-z-l (נזל), meaning "to flow," indicating that mazel is about the channels through which HaShem’s providence influences our lives. When we say Mazel Tov (מזל טוב), we are not wishing someone "good luck" in the conventional sense. Rather, we are hoping for a good flow of divine blessings. This is a stark contrast to how other cultures misinterpret mazel as mere fortune or chance.
In B’reishit (בראשית) 1:27, it is written that G-D created man b’tzalmo (בצלמו), "in His image," or "in the Divine image." The nations often misinterpret this phrase to suggest that humans physically resemble G-D, which has led to anthropomorphism. However, in Jewish thought, tzelem (צלם) refers to the spiritual and intellectual qualities that humans possess, such as reason, creativity, and moral decision-making, reflecting aspects of G-D’s nature. The Hebrew emphasizes that these qualities mirror divine attributes, but G-D remains beyond physical form or any resemblance to human beings.
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Another frequently misunderstood term is Tikkun Olam (תיקון עולם). It is often translated as "repair the world," which sounds like a daunting, almost impossible task. However, the more accurate understanding of Tikkun Olam is to repair your world—beginning with yourself. This concept emphasizes that by focusing on personal growth, strengthening one's relationship with HaShem, and aligning one's actions with Torah values, one contributes to the broader repair of the world. Trust in HaShem (bitachon - בטחון), studying Torah, and performing acts of kindness (especially anonymously) without any expectation of recognition, or posting your efforts on social media, are key ways to engage in Tikkun Olam. As individuals refine their own conduct, the world at large benefits.
Shalom (שלום) is often translated simply as "peace," but its true meaning extends far beyond the absence of conflict. The root sh-l-m (שלם) means "wholeness" or "completion." Shalom signifies a state of harmony, balance, and fulfillment in all aspects of life. The nations often reduce shalom to political or social peace, missing its spiritual depth. True shalom is about achieving completeness in one’s relationship with HaShem, with oneself, and with others.
The concept of Ruach HaKodesh (רוח הקודש), often translated as "the Holy Spirit," is another example of misunderstanding. In Jewish tradition, Ruach HaKodesh refers to divine inspiration granted by HaShem to individuals at certain moments. It is not an independent being or entity, but rather a manifestation of G-D’s will. This differs significantly from how certain non-Jewish cultures view the "Holy Spirit," often treating it as a separate person within a trinitarian framework, a concept foreign to Torah teachings.
The mistranslation of Hebrew terms and Torah concepts by the nations has led to a loss of the profound depth and beauty embedded within the original Hebrew. Understanding the precise meaning of these words helps reclaim the integrity of Torah teachings and strengthens our connection with HaShem. Whether it’s recognizing that Mazel is about divine flow, or that Tikkun Olam begins with repairing oneself, these terms invite us into a deeper and more authentic relationship with HaShem and the world around us. By correcting these misunderstandings, we bring clarity to the Torah’s message and emphasize the central role of HaShem in all aspects of life, pushing back against idolatrous distortions.
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Bill White (Ram ben Ze'ev) is CEO of WireNews Limited, Mayside Partners Limited, MEADHANAN Agency, Kestrel Assets Limited, SpudsToGo Limited and Executive Director of Hebrew Synagogue